AI tool spots heart disease in under two seconds
A new AI tool reads a routine heart test in seconds and flags disease scans usually take months to get.
This is on his desk because it's a real example of AI turning a slow, expensive medical process into an instant one, the same pattern he's trying to build into his own AI-run ventures.
Doctors have built an AI tool that can read a routine heart test, an ECG (electrocardiogram, the standard test that records the heart's electrical activity), and flag signs of heart disease in under two seconds. The tool was trained on millions of patients and pulls more detail out of the ECG than a doctor can typically see by eye. ECGs have been used to catch heart attacks and abnormal heart rhythms for about a hundred years, but on their own they cannot diagnose heart disease. That needs an echocardiogram, an ultrasound scan of the heart, which patients often wait months to get. This tool flags, from the ECG alone, who most urgently needs that scan.
Early diagnosis matters because heart failure and heart valve disease, the two most common forms of heart disease, are treatable if caught in time. Catching them early means patients who need life-saving medicines can start them sooner, before they get dangerously unwell, instead of after the disease has already done damage.
The results were presented at the European Society of Cardiology's annual conference in Munich, the world's biggest heart conference, to thousands of doctors. In a trial of 67,000 patients in the US, the tool correctly identified up to 81 percent of patients who had heart failure, and up to 90 percent of those with heart valve disease. That is what makes this practical: the tool runs on a test that already happens constantly, so hospitals need no new equipment to start using it.
The tool cannot replace the ultrasound scan. It cannot confirm or rule out heart disease by itself. What it does is triage: a patient it flags as high risk can be sent for the ultrasound urgently instead of waiting months on the standard list, so treatment can start sooner. Dr Sonya Babu-Narayan of the British Heart Foundation, which funded the trial, said "it is exciting to see that AI can now deliver a read-out from an ECG in what feels like the blink of an eye," while cautioning it "will not detect everyone with a heart condition" but "could be a solution to help fast-track the patients who are most likely to have a heart abnormality." Prof Fu Siong Ng of Imperial College London noted patients can already wait several months for a heart ultrasound after being referred, and the tool could help get the highest-risk people scanned faster.
There is a second use beyond triage. Because the tool can run on any ECG, hospitals could use it to check patients who had the test for an unrelated reason and catch heart failure or valve disease nobody suspected they had. Dr Ahmed El-Medany, who led the analysis at Imperial College London, called it a "superhuman AI" and said the next step is building handheld, AI-powered ECG readers doctors could carry with them. Separately at the same conference, researchers from the University of Tokyo and the Institute of Science Tokyo showed that AI analysis of a five-second video of someone's face could help improve diagnosis of other conditions.
The pattern worth noting for his own work: this is not AI replacing a doctor's judgment, it is AI compressing a months-long wait into two extra seconds of reading on a test that already happens routinely. The economics only work because the tool rides on an existing, cheap, common test rather than requiring a new one. That is the same repeatable shape worth hunting for in any AI-run process: find the slow step that already happens at large volume, and see if AI can read it faster instead of replacing it outright.
It is exciting to see that AI can now deliver a read-out from an ECG in what feels like the blink of an eye.via The Guardian →